Спасибо большое. Особенно понравился пункт 6, я об этом не знала.
Крепитесь, зануда пришла. Если абстрагироваться от статьи, расскажу что я знаю. Ключевое - есть 2 различных синдрома: нарколепсия (внезапное засыпание) и катаплексия (внезапная потеря контроля нервов над мышцами). Говорят, их сложно различить с ходу, но это важно. Я прикреплю по американски, но, если можно, пока без перевода. Устала что-то... Если модераторы заругаются, на днях переведу
Narcolepsy–cataplexy
Definition/overview
Narcolepsy is a sudden onset of excessive daytime sleepiness.
It is usually accompanied by cataplexy, a sudden and
profound loss of muscle tone. Both have been recognized
in several breeds and are classified as two different syndromes.
The first is a fairly common transient condition
affecting primarily foals of light breeds and is frequently
induced by restraint. The second is a rare but persistent
form that appears to be familial in miniature horses and
has also been seen in ponies and Suffolk horses.
Etiology/pathophysiology
The etiology is unclear. A familial predisposition is suspected
in certain breeds. Often a specific stimulus is associated
with initiation of an episode. In rare cases, signs have been
reported in association with EPM. The pathogenesis of the
condition is not fully understood, but is suspected to
involve abnormalities of the neuropeptides (hypocretins
and orexins) that are linked to the regulation of sleep.
Clinical presentation
The intermittent episodes are characterized by lowering of
the head and buckling of the fetlocks, with occasional
collapse and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Between
episodes, animals are clinically normal.
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnoses include other causes of collapse,
such as syncope or seizures, and any disorder that may
prevent a horse from lying down, leading to excessive
sleepiness (e.g. a musculoskeletal problem).
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is based on history, clinical signs, and exclusion
of other problems. Affected horses are normal between
episodes and routine clinicopathologic evaluation is
normal. Intravenous administration of physostigmine
salicylate (0.1 mg/kg i/v) may elicit signs of narcolepsy
within minutes in some individuals, but this response is not
consistently found in all animals with narcolepsy.
Management
If an inciting cause can be identified, it should be avoided.
The signs of adult-onset narcolepsy usually persist for life.
Treatment with the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine
(0.5–2.0 mg/kg i/m, i/v, or p/o q6–12h) may improve
clinical signs in some animals. Oral absorption is poor
and the oral route of administration may not provide an
acceptable response.
Prognosis
Narcolepsy–cataplexy is not a life-threatening condition;
however, affected horses are not safe to ride, even when
being treated. Some foals may outgrow the condition and
would be safe for use provided a long period (at least
6 months) has passed since the last episode.
. У меня даже есть интересные видео, но, увы, не могу поделиться; кто-то может узнать свою лошадь))
